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The following tutorial goes through how to filter a dashboard visualization by a query-based parameter.
This tutorial utilizes the Retail Dataset, which can be downloaded here.
Create Column Chart
Drag a column chart onto the canvas.
Bind Data
Set the Values axis to Planned Revenue and set the Category axis to Year .

Add Parameter
Click anywhere on the canvas (not on the visualization) to open the Dashboard Settings on the right-hand side. Click + next to the Parameters property to add a parameter.
Configure Parameter
Set the Data Type to Integer and the Default Value to From Query and select its value slot to add a query.

Add Query
In the From Query window, you're going to set a query for the first year in the dataset. Set the Value Field to Year, set the Aggregate Type to First, and the Sort Order to Ascending.

Filter Dashboard Visualization
Select the Column Chart and locate the Filter button. Under the General tab, filter by the parameter in the dropdown.

Preview Dashboard
Preview the dashboard. The column chart will be filtered by the query-based parameter.
